Waymo
The clear US robotaxi leader: public rides in 15 US metros and more than 500K paid rides per week. Las Vegas opened to paying riders, by invitation, on September 14, 2026, two weeks after Denver, San Diego and Tampa.
Independent safety research: The first independent per-mile crash benchmark of a driverless fleet was published by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) on July 23, 2026. Measured per vehicle mile traveled against human drivers in the same cities and years, Waymo's rider-only vehicles were involved in 68% fewer police-reportable crashes overall, 85% fewer single-vehicle crashes, and 81% fewer injury crashes. The metro-level picture is uneven and worth stating plainly: 76% lower in Phoenix, 71% lower in Los Angeles, and 35% lower in San Francisco, but 4% HIGHER in Austin, where IIHS notes the sample was relatively small and draws no firm conclusion. Scope: roughly 50 million Waymo rider-only miles (2021-2024) compared against roughly 222 billion human-driven miles across those four metros. Method: built from NHTSA Standing General Order crash reports, with redundant and non-qualifying records culled and a police-reportability standard then applied: only about 22% of the 736 automation-engaged public-road crashes were judged likely police-reportable, and of Waymo's 89 police-reportable involvements 64 occurred in fully driverless operation. Three caveats are essential to reading this honestly: (1) Waymo and Tesla both publish the miles their robotaxis drive without a safety driver or safety monitor aboard (Waymo's rider-only miles; Tesla's Robotaxi Safety Report), but they are not on the same footing: Waymo's mileage, which it supplied to IIHS voluntarily, has been independently analysed in this study, while Tesla's figures are self-reported and not independently audited, so this finding says nothing about Tesla Robotaxi, Zoox, or anyone else; (2) the Austin sample is small; and (3) IIHS itself cautions that the present data-collection system 'isn't good enough to allow continuous monitoring of a large-scale expansion.' IIHS is funded by the auto-insurance industry; there is no indication that Waymo funded the research.
Full notes
Expansion: on September 1, 2026 Waymo opened paid, fully driverless public service in Denver, CO, San Diego, CA and Tampa, FL, and on September 14, 2026 it opened Las Vegas, NV, its first public service in Nevada and its 15th US metro. All four began on a rolling-invite basis rather than opening all at once (Waymo says more than 100,000 people registered interest in Las Vegas). On October 14, 2026 Waymo opened San Antonio, San Diego and Tampa to everyone: anyone in those service areas can now book in the Waymo app without waiting for an invitation, including trips to and from San Antonio International Airport (Waymo's October 14, 2026 post; News 4 San Antonio, October 14, 2026). Waymo's Help Center service-area page, checked November 9, 2026, marks only Denver and Las Vegas as 'Gradually adding riders', so those two are still by invitation. Per launch reporting Denver and San Diego start Ojai-only while Tampa runs a mix of Ojai and Jaguar I-PACE, and Waymo says Las Vegas joins Denver and San Diego as a majority-Ojai fleet; each city starts with dozens of vehicles. The Las Vegas zone covers roughly 24 square miles (the Strip from Boulder Junction up to Sahara Avenue, Allegiant Stadium, and parts of Spring Valley and the east side), and rides are paid, which makes Waymo the first of the three operators approved by the Nevada Transportation Authority on August 20, 2026 to carry paying passengers under that permit. Waymo's own updates page lists all 15 under 'Serving Riders In' (checked November 9, 2026). Service areas: on October 27, 2026 Waymo said it would add nearly 250 square miles across five metros over the following week: in Los Angeles down the coast to the South Bay, adding Torrance; in Nashville further south, including the zoo; in Orlando nearly doubling its coverage area in the east, with more service downtown; in San Diego north to La Jolla; and in the San Francisco Bay Area more of the south, including a BART connection at Berryessa Station (Waymo, October 27, 2026). Airport: Waymo says it received authorization to operate fully autonomously at Harry Reid International Airport (announced August 25-26, 2026) and will begin with employee airport trips during a testing phase; public airport service is not part of the September 14 launch, and under the Authority's approval it additionally requires authorization from the Clark County Department of Aviation. On October 21, 2026 Waymo opened Harry Reid International Airport to riders who already have Las Vegas access, with pickups and drop-offs in dedicated autonomous-vehicle zones on the Ground Zero Level at Terminals 1 and 3, and said it will add more riders before opening airport trips to everyone; Clark County's Director of Aviation is quoted welcoming the service in Waymo's announcement (Waymo, October 21, 2026; News 3 Las Vegas, the same day). San Antonio: service there was paused after severe flooding in April 2026 and resumed on September 17, 2026, including trips to and from San Antonio International Airport, after software changes to detect standing water and new restrictions keeping the robotaxis out of areas at elevated flood risk. San Antonio stayed on Waymo's 'Serving Riders In' list throughout the pause. Waymo's published 'Up Next' list names Baltimore, Boston, Charlotte, Chicago, Detroit, London, Minneapolis, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland, Sacramento, Seattle, St. Louis, Tokyo and Washington DC: 15 US cities plus London and Tokyo (Waymo's own site, checked November 9, 2026). These are announced intentions, not services, so none should be read as a launch date. Beyond that list, Waymo said on September 14, 2026 that it intends to serve its first public riders in Tokyo in 2027 with Nihon Kotsu and the GO app, subject to national and local approval; on September 17, 2026 that it plans a fully autonomous ride-hailing service in Singapore in 2028 with the Ministry of Transport and Land Transport Authority, after a 2027 readiness phase; and on September 15, 2026 it named London and Munich as its initial European deployment plans in an insurance partnership with Allianz Partners. None of those carries riders today. In October 2026 Waymo announced two more plans outside the US: Toronto, its first Canadian market, where vehicles start with manual driving and testing with trained specialists behind the wheel and Waymo's stated goal is first riders in 2028, with Element Fleet Management running the fleet (Waymo, October 16, 2026; blogTO); and the Region of Madrid, where it says Jaguar I-PACE vehicles will begin with manual driving and validation and it aims to welcome riders in 2027 (Waymo, October 20, 2026; no independent report found the same day). Neither city has been added to Waymo's 'Up Next' list (checked November 9, 2026), and neither carries riders. On October 30, 2026 Toyota and Waymo said they will begin testing and validating an autonomous Toyota bZ4X fleet in Japan in 2027, built at Toyota's Takaoka plant, with deployment to the United Kingdom and other Waymo markets planned for the following years (Waymo, October 30, 2026): a plan, not a service. California permit: on August 14, 2026 the CPUC approved Waymo's Advice Letter 4/4-A, an updated passenger safety plan covering an expanded deployment territory and the Ojai vehicle platform. Scale provenance: the fleet figure is Waymo's own, reported at more than 4,000 vehicles on September 1, 2026, of which roughly 300 are the 6th-gen Ojai and the rest predominantly Jaguar I-PACE; multiple outlets covering the same disclosure agree on both numbers. Weekly paid rides are still reported at more than 500,000 (no newer figure had been published as of November 9, 2026, and Sundar Pichai's prepared remarks on Alphabet's Q3 2026 earnings call, on October 28, 2026, gave none), against Waymo's stated goal of 1 million weekly rides by the end of 2026. Waymo reaffirmed its 20+ cities and 1M weekly trips goals, and has passed 20M+ lifetime paid trips. Operational status: Waymo paused public freeway rides in late May 2026 (surface-street service was unaffected throughout) and began restoring them on July 29, 2026 after software updates addressing freeway construction zones: enhanced scene recognition plus routing changes, remedying recall 26E035. The restoration is phased rather than instant: Phoenix went first on July 29, which also restored freeway routing to Sky Harbor, and Waymo said Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area would follow within days. Cities beyond Phoenix remain announced rather than independently confirmed live: no dated report found as of September 24, 2026 confirms that freeway service resumed in Los Angeles or the San Francisco Bay Area. The one later, dated freeway data point is Austin: in the week of September 22, 2026, after months of testing, Waymo began offering freeway trips on select rides booked through Uber there, on MoPac, I-35, US 183 and US 290, with more riders to follow. Regulatory: NHTSA's July 31, 2026 deadline for AV first-responder remediation plans has passed; no operator's submission has been made public and NHTSA has announced no outcome (see the US regulation section). Rider experience: on July 29, 2026 Waymo added Google's Gemini assistant and a redesigned adaptive three-screen interface (including a 'Calm Mode') to the Ojai. Waymo states Gemini handles cabin controls, trip information and general questions only, does not control vehicle movement or routing, and has no access to real-time driving data. Waymo said on May 28, 2026 that select riders in San Francisco, Phoenix and Los Angeles would be offered free rides in its 6th-gen Zeekr-built vehicle, the Ojai, over the following weeks; the Hyundai IONIQ 5 is still ramping toward fleet service (Arizona production expected late 2026). Launched fully autonomous public rides in Nashville, TN on April 7, 2026 in the Waymo app, by invitation; Nashville has been open to everyone since June 25, 2026, and to teen accounts linked to a parent or guardian account since September 22, 2026. Since September 9, 2026, Nashville riders can also be matched with a Waymo on the Lyft app (Lyft's announcement), the first metro where Waymo is bookable in two apps. Uber has said Waymo told it that it plans to launch its own app in Austin and Atlanta, where Waymo is Uber-only today, in January 2028; Waymo's fleet there stays on Uber through at least May 2028. Added a paid 'Waymo Premier' membership ($29.99/mo, invite-only) on June 11, 2026. Airports, per Waymo's Help Center (checked November 9, 2026): Phoenix Sky Harbor, San Antonio International and San José Mineta; Nashville International (since October 13, 2026) and Las Vegas Harry Reid (since October 21, 2026), both for a limited number of riders at first; and San Francisco International (SFO), for a limited number of riders, with pickups and drop-offs at the Rental Car Center and the Grand Hyatt at SFO. Waymo opened SFO access on January 29, 2026. The San Francisco Chronicle reported on July 22, 2026 that access was effectively paused; Waymo's Help Center listed the same SFO pickups for limited riders on July 30, 2026, after that report (Internet Archive copy), and still does. At Miami International, rides are for Waymo employees only, not the public. Funding and going international: raised ~$16B in equity (Feb 2026), with London named as its first overseas market and testing underway in Tokyo, and on October 8, 2026 closed a $5 billion term loan, its first debt financing (Waymo, October 8, 2026). Pauses operations during heavy rain or flooding in some metros until conditions clear.