EV registration fees by state, 2026
41 of 51 US jurisdictions charge EV drivers an extra fee every year — $50 to $270, median $145. Here is every one of them, what it is based on, when it changed, and where the number came from.
Every state's annual EV fee, highest to lowest
The figure is the annual surcharge a battery-electric vehicle pays in addition to normal registration. Plug-in hybrids usually pay less; where a state publishes a separate PHEV rate it is noted.
| State | Annual EV fee | Effective | What it's based on | Verified |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey | $270 | — | Escalating: $250 (2024), $260 (2025), $270 (2026), $280 (2027), $290 (2028); +$10 each July 1 | NCSL tracker |
| Michigan | $267 | — | Indexed to gas tax; 2025 road-funding deal re-triggered the gas-tax-indexed formula — now the highest EV fee state | NCSL tracker |
| Pennsylvania | $250 | — | Act 85 of 2024 — $200 in 2025, $250 in 2026, indexed thereafter PHEVs pay $63, not the BEV rate. | NCSL tracker |
| Indiana | $242 | 2026 | BMV fee chart, read directly: Electric Vehicle Supplemental Fee $242.00, Hybrid Vehicle Supplemental Fee $81.00. Indexed annually before Oct 1 under IC 9-18.1-5-12, so it moves most years. | Primary source ↗ |
| Georgia | $238.59 | Jul 2026 | Non-commercial rate for 7/1/26–6/30/27; commercial vehicles pay $357.98. Recalculated by formula every July 1, so it moves annually. | Primary source ↗ |
| Washington | $225 | current | RCW 46.17.323 charges $100 plus a further $50 at annual renewal, and RCW 46.17.324 adds the $75 transportation electrification fee: $225 in total. Electric motorcycles pay $30 instead. NO inflation escalator applies — the 2% annual adjustment in 2025 session law (ESSB 5801) attaches to the declared-gross-weight vehicle licence fee, not to these sections, which that act does not amend at all. | Primary source ↗ |
| North Carolina | $214.5 | Jul 2025 | G.S. 20-87(13)/(13a), read directly. Both of our figures were stale snapshots of the same escalating fee: $130 (2019) then $180 (Jan 2024) then $214.50 now. The statute text as read states no inflation-adjustment clause, so no future step is claimed here. | Primary source ↗ |
| Alabama | $203 | Jul 2023 | Rebuild Alabama Act. The fee steps by a flat $3 every four years rather than tracking CPI, so it has been $203 since July 1, 2023 and moves to $206 in July 2027. | Reported ↗ |
| Arkansas | $200 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Ohio | $200 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Rhode Island | $200 | Jan 2026 | Applies to renewals expiring January 2026 or later. Conventional (non-plug-in) hybrids pay $50. | Primary source ↗ |
| Tennessee | $200 | Jan 2024 | Public Chapter 159 (2023). Rises to $274 on Jan 1 2027 and is indexed to inflation thereafter. The $100 our other file carried is the statutory hybrid/PHEV rate, not the BEV rate. | Primary source ↗ |
| Texas | $200 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| West Virginia | $200 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Utah | $180 | Jul 2026 | Utah Code 41-1a-1206 ties the BEV surcharge to the road-usage-charge cap in 72-1-213.1, which has stepped up almost yearly: $130.25 (2023), $138.50 (2024), $143.25 (2025), $180 (2026). Hybrids pay $21.75, plug-in hybrids $56.50. The statute mechanism was read directly; the $180 cap figure itself rests on corroborating secondary sources because the agency rule page blocks automated retrieval. | Statute ↗ |
| Wisconsin | $175 | Jul 2023 | Wis. Stat. 341.25(1)(L) is two components: a $100 EV surcharge that predates 2023 plus an extra $75 added in July 2023 that applies to hybrids and EVs alike. A BEV owes both ($175); a hybrid or PHEV owes only the $75. The $100 our other file carried was the old EV-only component mistaken for the whole. | Primary source ↗ |
| Minnesota | $150 | Jan 2026 | Minn. Stat. 168.013 subd. 1m: the surcharge is the GREATER of a $150 minimum or 0.5% of MSRP scaled by the vehicle's year of life, so a newer or pricier EV pays well above $150 — roughly $250 on a $50,000 car in its first year. The minimum drops to $100 for registration periods from July 1 2027. PHEVs (subd. 1n) are the greater of $75 or 0.25% of MSRP, dropping to $50. The flat $75 previously recorded here was the superseded pre-2026 fee. | Primary source ↗ |
| Mississippi | $150 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Missouri | $150 | Jan 2026 | Mandatory annual "special fuel decal", not framed as a registration fee but functions as one (charged in lieu of fuel tax). Add a $9 processing fee. Final step of a five-year statutory ramp that began Jan 2022 under RSMo 142.869. | Primary source ↗ |
| Nebraska | $150 | — | Neb. Rev. Stat. 60-3,191 — raised from $75 to $150 for BEVs effective Jan 1, 2025; PHEVs and electric motorcycles pay $75 (AFDC law 9455) | NCSL tracker |
| Oregon | $145 | Dec 2025 | ORS 803.422. HB 3991 (signed Nov 2025) added $30, effective Dec 31 2025. Oregon registration is inverted — efficient cars pay a HIGHER base — so the "surcharge" depends on the comparison: an EV pays $376 per two years all-in ($188/yr) against a $43/yr standard base, but a 40+ MPG petrol car already pays $108/yr. Most PHEVs owe $65/yr. From July 1 2027 Oregon begins moving EVs to MANDATORY per-mile charging. | Primary source ↗ |
| Idaho | $140 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Virginia | $135.63 | Jul 2026 | Highway Use Fee, recalculated every July 1 from the fuel tax rate and average VMT — it is not fixed. $123.98 in FY2023-24, $131.88 in FY2025-26, $135.63 now. Hybrids and PHEVs are not charged a flat rate but slide by combined MPG. Virginia also offers a Mileage Choice per-mile alternative that DMV says breaks even at 11,600 miles a year; the per-mile rate itself is not stated on the DMV page we could read. | Primary source ↗ |
| Iowa | $130 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Montana | $130 | Jul 2023 | MCA 61-3-572, annual, scaled by unladen weight: Class 1 (typical passenger BEV) $130, Class 2 $190, Class 3 $340, Class 4 $1,100. PHEV Class 1 is $70. No source supports the $117 our other file carried. | Primary source ↗ |
| Kentucky | $126 | — | KRS 138.475 — $120 at 2024 launch, indexed annually to NHCCI 2.0 (max ±5%/yr); $126 for 2025-2026 (AFDC law 12948) | NCSL tracker |
| Maryland | $125 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| North Dakota | $120 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| California | $118 | — | Indexed annually | NCSL tracker |
| Delaware | $110 | Oct 2025 | HB164. $110 at 6,000 lb gross load weight or less, which covers most passenger EVs; $150 over 6,000–10,000 lb and $260 over 10,000–26,000 lb. Conventional hybrids pay $60. | Primary source ↗ |
| Louisiana | $110 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Oklahoma | $110 | — | EV fee or per-kWh tax option | NCSL tracker |
| Illinois | $100 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Kansas | $100 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| New Hampshire | $100 | Jul 2023 | RSA 261:141-c surcharge on annual registration. In force since July 1, 2023 — this was missing from our data for three years, not a recent change. | Primary source ↗ |
| South Dakota | $100 | 2026 (see note) | HB1227 doubled the fee from $50 to $100; signed by Gov. Rhoden in late February 2026. The $50 fee had been in place since 2021, so this state was never $0 in our data — that was an error. EFFECTIVE DATE NOT CONFIRMED: SD bills without an emergency clause take effect the following July 1, which has passed, but the bill clause was not read directly. | Fee confirmed ↗ |
| Wyoming | $100 | Jul 2026 | W.S. 31-3-102(a)(xxiii) as amended by 2026 Enrolled Act No. 33 (HB 145): the all-electric decal dropped from $200 to $100, and a new paragraph (xxiv) creates a $50 decal for plug-in hybrids. Effective July 1 2026. The same act levies a separate license tax of 3.5 cents per kilowatt hour on electricity sold or dispensed to propel a motor vehicle — a usage tax, not part of the annual fee. Exemptions to that tax sit in W.S. 39-17-305, which the act does not amend, so whether home charging is covered is not established by this document. | Primary source ↗ |
| Colorado | $96 | — | $50 base + ~$46 road usage equalization | NCSL tracker |
| Vermont | $89 | Jan 2025 | 23 V.S.A. 361, created by 2023 Act 148 and effective Jan 1 2025 — a genuinely new fee, which is why an older source showed none. It sits on top of the $89/yr base pleasure-car registration, so a Vermont BEV owner pays $178/yr in total. PHEVs pay exactly half. | Primary source ↗ |
| South Carolina | $60 | — | Biennial $120 = $60/yr equivalent | NCSL tracker |
| Hawaii | $50 | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Alaska | None | — | No EV or alternative-fuel surcharge in AS 28.10.421. The $100 biennial figure circulating online traces to HB 104 (2021-22), which was never enacted. | Primary source |
| Arizona | None | — | No EV surcharge. Under ARS 28-5805 the reduced alternative-fuel VLT rate applied only to vehicles registered on or before 2022-12-31; EVs registered since pay the standard VLT, same as a gas car. HB 2866 (2024), which would have added a $135 fee, failed on the House floor. | Primary source |
| Connecticut | None | — | No EV SURCHARGE — and Connecticut is the opposite of what our other file implied. Under Conn. Gen. Stat. 14-49 a passenger car pays $120 every three years while an EV pays a separate, LOWER $57 every three years (about $19/yr): a discount, not an add-on. The "$57" in our prose file had the right number attached to the wrong sign and the wrong period. HB 5568 (2026) would have raised the EV line to $345/3yr and died in committee. | Secondary |
| District of Columbia | None | — | No EV-specific annual surcharge. The "$36" figure circulating elsewhere is a REDUCED base registration rate for new battery-electric cars under 5,000 lb, and only for their first two years (rising to $40 from March 30 2026) — a discount, not a fee. DC separately ended its EV excise-tax exemption in Feb 2025, but that is a one-time tax at purchase, not an annual charge. | Primary source ↗ |
| Florida | None | — | — | NCSL tracker |
| Maine | None | — | No EV or PHEV surcharge anywhere in 29-A M.R.S. 501. The "$100 EV fee" repeated online has no statutory basis — subsection (11) is the LOW-SPEED VEHICLE fee ($25/yr), which is the likely source of the confusion. Several surcharge bills were introduced and none passed. | Primary source |
| Massachusetts | None | — | No EV surcharge. M.G.L. c.90 s.33 states the fee schedules apply regardless of whether a vehicle is "designed to be propelled otherwise than by fuel", i.e. EVs are statutorily fee-equivalent to gas cars. | Primary source |
| Nevada | None | — | No EV-specific surcharge found; EVs pay the same base registration and MSRP-based Governmental Services Tax as a comparable gas car. Nevada statute site blocks automated retrieval, so this rests on the DMV fee calculator and corroborating sources rather than a direct statute read. | Secondary |
| New Mexico | None | fee begins 2027-01-01 | $0 TODAY. SB-2 was signed 2026-02-05 (Chapter 4), creating an EV fee of $70 in 2027, $80 in 2028 and $90 from 2029, with PHEVs at $35/$40/$45. Enacted is not in force: a New Mexico driver pays nothing until January 1, 2027. | Primary source ↗ |
| New York | None | — | — | NCSL tracker |
Rows marked Primary source link to the state's own statute or DMV fee schedule. Rows marked NCSL tracker come from the National Conference of State Legislatures' special-fees tracker and have not been re-confirmed against the state directly — treat those as good but second-hand. NCSL tracker ↗
Three places the widely-copied tables get this wrong
Most published EV-fee tables share the same errors, because they copy each other. These are the three we found while verifying against primary documents — stated plainly so you can check us as easily as them.
Several tables list DC at $36 and count it among the states charging an EV fee. The $36 is a reduced base registration rate for new battery-electric cars under 5,000 lbs — a discount, not a surcharge. DC has no EV-specific annual fee. This is why our count is 41, not 42.
Florida appears with a fee in several 2026 tables. The bill that would have created one, SB 804, died in the Senate Transportation committee on March 13, 2026. Earlier proposals failed too. There is no active statewide EV surcharge in Florida.
New Jersey's fee escalates $10 every July 1 — $250 in 2024, $260 in 2025, $270 now, $280 in 2027 and $290 in 2028. Tables built before this July still show $260. This is the clearest example of why the effective-date column matters more than the number.
Why EV drivers pay this at all
Roads are paid for largely out of fuel taxes, collected at the pump. An EV never stops at a pump, so it contributes nothing through that channel. Flat annual surcharges are how states have recovered the difference, and 41 of 51 jurisdictions now levy one.
The honest criticism is that a flat fee is a blunt instrument. It does not scale with how much you actually use the roads, so a retiree driving 5,000 miles a year in an EV can pay more than someone driving 20,000 miles in an efficient hybrid. At the median $145, an EV driver covering 12,000 miles pays roughly 1.2¢ per mile in road funding — against a gas driver at 30 mpg paying about 0.6¢ per mile in federal fuel tax, plus state fuel tax on top.
That mismatch is the argument behind per-mile road usage charges. Oregon's OReGO program, Utah's optional road usage charge and Hawaii's mileage tax are the live US experiments. Hawaii's is the most concrete: $8 per 1,000 miles, capped at $50 a year, or a flat $50 if you prefer not to report mileage. A per-mile charge tracks road use the way a fuel tax does, which is why it keeps being proposed as the long-term replacement — and why privacy and reporting mechanics are the sticking points.
The proposed federal EV fee
The BUILD America 250 Act would create a nationwide annual fee of $130 for electric vehicles and $35 for plug-in hybrids, taking effect at the end of September 2027 and rising $5 every two years from 2029 to a $150 cap. The House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee ordered it reported in May 2026 as part of a surface-transportation reauthorization. The Senate has not put forward its own version, and nothing has been enacted.
Two things worth being precise about, because coverage often blurs them. First, this would stack on top of the state fee in the table above, not replace it — a New Jersey EV driver would face $270 plus $130. Second, do not confuse it with the Fair SHARE Act, an earlier and separate proposal for a one-time fee. They are different bills with different mechanics.
EV registration fees — frequently asked questions
How much is the EV registration fee in my state?
41 of the 51 US jurisdictions charge an annual EV surcharge on top of normal registration. They run from $50 (Hawaii) to $270 (New Jersey), with a median of $145 and an average of $155. 10 charge no EV-specific surcharge at all: Alaska, Arizona, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Mexico, New York. The full table above lists every state with its effective date and source.
Which state has the highest EV registration fee?
New Jersey, at $270 a year. Escalating: $250 (2024), $260 (2025), $270 (2026), $280 (2027), $290 (2028); +$10 each July 1 The next tier of expensive states sits in the $200–$270 range, and the median across all charging states is $145 — so the headline states are well above typical.
Why do EV drivers pay a registration surcharge at all?
Road maintenance is funded largely by fuel taxes, and an EV pays none. States added flat annual surcharges to recover that lost revenue. The criticism is that a flat fee does not scale with road use: a low-mileage EV driver can end up paying more than a high-mileage driver of an efficient gas car. That mismatch is why several states are piloting per-mile road usage charges instead.
Is there a federal EV fee coming?
It is proposed but not law. The BUILD America 250 Act (H.R. 8870) would add a nationwide $130 annual EV fee and $35 for plug-in hybrids, rising $5 every two years from 2029 to a $150 cap, and taking effect at the end of September 2027. The House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee ordered it reported in May 2026; the Senate has not produced its own proposal. If it passes, it would stack on top of the state fees in the table above — not replace them.
What is a road usage charge (RUC), and is it cheaper?
A road usage charge bills you per mile driven instead of a flat annual amount, which is closer to how a gas tax actually works. Oregon's OReGO, Utah's optional program and Hawaii's mileage tax are the live US examples — Hawaii charges $8 per 1,000 miles capped at $50, or a flat $50. Whether it is cheaper depends entirely on your mileage: RUC usually wins for low-mileage drivers and loses for high-mileage ones, which is exactly the fairness argument being made for it.
Do plug-in hybrids pay the same fee as full EVs?
Usually less, because a PHEV still buys some gasoline and therefore still pays some fuel tax. Pennsylvania is a clear example: PHEVs pay $63 against the full BEV rate. Wyoming charges $100 for a BEV and $50 for a PHEV. The table above lists the BEV rate; where a state publishes a separate PHEV rate we note it in that state's row.
Does the fee change if I move states or buy mid-year?
Yes, and this is where published tables most often go stale. Several states escalate on a fixed schedule rather than staying put — New Jersey adds $10 every July 1 on the way to $290 in 2028, and Alabama steps $3 every four years. Others are indexed to the gas tax, so the number moves when fuel taxes do. Always check the effective date column, and verify against your state's own DMV before budgeting.
How this table is maintained
Fees move when legislatures move them, which is rarely on a predictable schedule. This dataset is re-verified quarterly and sooner whenever a state enacts a change. 23 of the 51 rows have been confirmed against a primary state document — a statute, an enrolled act, or the state DMV's own fee schedule — and those rows link to it. The remainder come from the NCSL special-fees tracker and are labelled as such in the table rather than presented as equally certain. If you find a row that is wrong, tell us and we will re-check it against the state.